Hagia Irene Church is an essential Byzantine structure in Istanbul's historical center. The church, known by its original name, "Sacred Peace," is located in the first courtyard of Topkapi Palace and has served various functions over time.
Hagia Irene Church is an important Byzantine church located in the first courtyard of the Topkapi Palace in Istanbul. The history of the church's construction begins with the order of Emperor Constantine. First, it is stated that there was a temple or a small church here and that Constantine rebuilt or expanded them. The church was formerly known as the "Ancient Church" and served as the cathedral of Constantinople until the opening of Hagia Sophia in 360. When Hagia Irene burned down in the Nika Revolt in 532, it was rebuilt as a domed basilica by Emperor Justinian. This construction project occurred during Justinian's reign, along with the restoration or reconstruction of Hagia Sophia and many other churches.
Hagia Irene has been the scene of various events throughout history and remained one of the important churches of the Byzantine Empire. Over time, the church underwent multiple repairs and was seriously damaged in the earthquake of 740. During this period, the iconoclastic emperor Constantine V rebuilt it, and the famous iconoclastic cross was added to the church.
Since the Hagia Irene Church was not converted into a mosque after the conquest of Istanbul in 1453, not many changes were made to the structure. The church, which was used as a loot and weapons depot for a long time, was used to exhibit the works of Tophane Marshal Ahmed Fethi Pasha in 1846. Later, the name of Hagia Irene was changed to Museum-i Humayun. However, the works needed by Ford here were moved to the Tiled Kiosk in 1875 due to the need for exhibition areas.
Since 1908, Hagia Irene has served as a military museum. After an empty period, the building was restored and used as a unit affiliated with the Hagia Sophia Museum Directorate.
Hagia Irene continues to be protected as a significant historical and cultural place today. Although it was used as a mosque during the Ottoman period, it has served as a museum since the early 20th century. Today, it is known as a place that attracts the attention of tourists especially.
Now, let's learn about the architecture of this sacred structure.